| 正弦波纹翅片表冷器的传热及阻力特性实验研究［刊，中］ |
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高强 王秋旺 王家贵
(西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室 西安 710049)
制冷学报 .-2007，28（5）.－1～5
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摘 要：波纹式翅片具有良好的传热和阻力性能，应用于中央空调两器和末端设备中。以正弦波纹翅片换热器作为中央空调表面式冷却器进行了多种干、湿工况条件下的传热和阻力特性实验。对实验结果进行了分析处理，得出了正弦波纹翅片换热器的总传热系数关联式以及阻力特性的经验公式。实验结果对于中央空调两器和末端的设计具有重要的指导作用。图9表2参14
关键词：工程热物理；表冷器；正弦波纹翅片；传热特性；阻力特性。
E-mai：hvac_gq@163.com |
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Study on Heat Transfer and Friction Characteristics of Sinusoidal Wavy Type Cooling Coil
GAO Qiang☆, WANG Qiu-wang and WANG Jia-gui
☆State Key Lab of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering , Xi`an Jiaotong University, Xi`an,710049, China
Abstract Wavy fin has been applied in evaporators, condensers and terminal equipment heat exchangers of central air conditioning because of its good heat transfer and friction behavior. Sinusoidal wavy fin type cooling coil of central air conditioning was studied in this work. The experiments on heat transfer and friction characteristics under various dry and wet conditions were conducted and the results were analyzed. The empirical equations of heat transfer and friction characteristics of sinusoidal wavy fin type heat exchanger were obtained. 14 Ref. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysics; Cooling coil; Sinusoidal wavy fin; Heat transfer characteristic; Friction characteristic
E-mail ： hvac_gq@163.com |
| 二氧化碳在金属丝网毛细特性的实验研究 ［刊，中］ |
裴念强, 刘杰，郭开华，李廷勋，余国保
(中山大学工学院，广州 510275）
制冷学报 .-2007，28（5）.－6～9 |
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摘 要:介绍了即将用于国际空间站的以二氧化碳（ CO 2 ）为工质的机械泵驱动两相循环冷却系统（MPL ），储液罐是 MPL 的重要部件，依靠毛细力对环路补充液体。目标是通过测量 CO 2 在不锈钢丝网毛细上升的地面实验，找出丝网的结构特性及 CO 2 的浸润性，为储液罐设计提供安全建议。依据地面实验，得到了丝网的渗透率及 CO 2 的浸润角，实验的动态结果与毛细动力学方程非常接近，由此可以推断出在不考虑重力的太空环境中丝网携液量的关系式。最终，提出建议在设计储液罐内毛细结构时要考虑毛细结构能够提供的最大供液量，以保证由储液罐进入系统为液态 。图4参9
关键词:热工学；毛细上升；毛细力；二氧化碳
电话： 020-39332891
E-mail ： peinq2001@163.com |
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Experimental Study on Carbon Dioxide Capillary Characteristic along Metal Mesh
Yang Yifan PEI Nian-qiang ☆LIU Jie, GUO Kai-hua et al
☆School of Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
Abstract A mechanical pump loop (MPL) system will be used in international space stations. The system uses carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as refrigerant and has an accumulator which depends on capillary force to supply liquid CO 2 to the loop. In this research, CO 2 capillary rise along metal mesh was measured on earth to find the structure characteristic of mesh and infiltrate ability of CO 2 . Permeation rates and contact angles were obtained based on the measurement. The results show that the dynamic solution is close to the data with capillary equations and then the equation for the mesh with liquid in zero gravity condition can be derived. It may be suggested that the mesh structure with the maximum liquid supply should be considered in the design of the accumulator to ensure liquid at the outlet of an accumulator. 9Ref. In Chinese .
Keywords Power machinery and engineering; Wicking; Capillary force; Carbon dioxide
TEL ：020-39332891
E-mail ：peinq2001@163.com |
| 百叶窗翅片的传热与阻力性能试验关联式 ［刊，中］ |
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董军启 ，陈江平 , 陈芝久
（上海交通大学制冷与低温研究所，上海 200030）
制冷学报.-2007，28（5）.－10～14 |
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摘 要: 在风洞试验台上对 20 种不同结构参数的扁管百叶窗翅片进行了传热和流动阻力性能试验 , 分析比较了翅片间距和翅片高度对其表面对流换热系数和空气阻力性能的影响。同时通过对 20 种不同结构参数百叶窗翅片的 336 个试验数据点进行多元回归和 F 显著性检验，获得了 j 因子和 f 因子的经验关联式。在 Re Lp =200 ～ 3000 范围内，j 和 f 因子经验关联式拟合的最大误差范围分别为 ± 10% 和 ± 12% ，绝对平均偏差分别为4.1%和5.6% 。图6表1参15
关键词: 工程热物理；关联式；试验；百叶窗翅片
电话： 021-34206087
E-mail ： dongjunqi2008@163.com |
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Correlation of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics for Multi-louvered Fin
DONG Jun-qi ☆, CHEN Jiang-ping, CHEN Zhi-jiu
☆ Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics ,Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanhai 200030, China
Abstract Experimental studies on the air-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for 20 types of multi-louvered fin and flat tube heat exchangers were performed. A series of tests were conducted for air Reynolds number of 200-3000 based on the louver pith with different fin pitch, fin height, fin thickness ,fin louver angle and flow length, at a constant tube-side flow rate of 2.8 m 3 /h.The air side thermal performance data were analyzed using the effectiveness-NTU method .The heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop data for different fin pitch F p and fin height F h were reported in terms of Colburn j -factor and Fanning friction factor f , as function of Re Lp .The general correlations for j and f factors were derived by regression analysis and F test of significance. The correlations for the j and f factors have RMS errors of ±10% and ±12%, and the mean deviations of 4.1% and 5.6%, respectively, in the Re number range of 200-3000.15 Ref. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysis; Correlation; Experiment; Multi-louvered fin
TEL: 021-34206087
E-mail ： dongjunqi2008@163.com |
| 非共沸工质非完全冷凝实验现象及判据的验证 ［刊，中］ |
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朱禹 赵力，高攀
(天津大学机械工程学院热能与制冷工程系，天津 300072)
制冷学报 .-2007，28 （5）.－15～19 |
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摘 要: 针对非共沸工质可能出现的非完全冷凝现象，首先针对两种非共沸工质进行了实验研究，得到制热量和 COP 随冷凝器水流量逐渐增加的变化规律，证明非完全冷凝现象存在的可能性和普遍性；然后根据已经提出的此现象是否发生的理论判据（极限流量判别式）进行计算，并用实验测得极限流量对其进行验证；最后，分析了实验与理论计算的差异和原因，并提出完善非完全冷凝现象理论判据的改进方向，即考虑工质在冷凝器中的压降、工质和换热流体间的实际温差和实际换热过程中的各种外力。图7表2参8
关键词: 工程热物理；非完全冷凝；实验研究；非共沸工质
电话： 022-81590264
E-mail ： jons@tju.edu.cn |
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Experiment and Criterion of Incomplete Condensation of Zeotropic Mixtures
ZHU Yu ☆， ZHAO Li, GAO Pan
☆ Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Abstract Incomplete condensation may occur for zeotropic mixtures used. Experiments for two zeotropic mixtures were conducted and the variation of heating capacity and COP with the increase of water flow rate in a condenser was obtained to confirm the possibility of incomplete condensation. Moreover, an incomplete condensation criterion, a maximum flow rate discriminant, was used for calculation and was verified by the maximum flow rates measured. The difference between experimental and theoretical results was analyzed. It is suggested that pressure drop of zeotropic mixture in a condenser, temperature difference between zeotropic mixture and heat transfer fluid, and other forces during heat exchange should be considered in the criterion. 8Ref. In Chinese
Keywords Engineering thermophsics; Incomplete condensation; Experimental investigation; Zeotropic mixtures
TEL:022-81590264
E-mail ： jons@tju.edu.cn |
| 完整工作日中变频房间空调器动态特性仿真 ［刊，中］ |
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孟岩勇 南晓红
（西安建筑科技大学，西安 710055）
制冷学报.-2007，28（5）.－20～25 |
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摘 要:针对海信 KFPR-35GW 型变频房间空调器，利用 SIMULINK 语言建立了变频空调系统动态仿真数学模型，模拟了变频空调器在夏季完整工作日中的制冷动态运行特性，根据模拟的结果分析了变频空调系统的能耗和房间的热舒适性。比较分析显示：在完整工作日中，变频空调器的平均制冷 COP 为 3.3 ，而且很好地维持了房间的温度，跟设定的室内标准温度 27 ℃ 相比，空调房间的温度上下波动不超过 1 ℃ ，提高了空调房间的热舒适性。图 8 表 3 参 11
关键词： 市政工程；变频空调器；动态仿真；能耗；热舒适性
电话： 029-82204744
E-mail ： mengyanyong324227@126.com |
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Dynamic Simulation on Characteristics of an Inverter Room Air-conditioner in a Complete Working Day
MENG Yan-yong ☆ NAN Xiao-hong
☆ Xi`an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi`an 710055, China
Abstract A mathematical model for dynamic simulation was established for a Hisense KFPR-35GW inverter room air-conditioner. The dynamic characteristics were simulated for an inverter air-conditioning system on a complete working day in summer. The energy consumption and room thermal comfort for the inverter room air-conditioner systems were analyzed based on the simulation result. It is found that the average COP of the inverter air-conditioner for cooling is 3.3, and the room temperature is maintained well. The room temperature fluctuation is within 1℃ at a room temperature of 27℃ . 11Ref. In Chinese. Keywords Municipal engineering ； Inverter room air-conditioner ； Dynamic simulation ； Energy consumption ； Room thermal comfort
TEL:029-82204744
E-mail ： mengyanyong324227@126.com |
| 喷射器对准二级压缩 - 喷射复合热泵系统性能的影响 ［刊，中］ |
庞宗占 马国远
（北京工业大学，北京 100022 ）
制冷学报 .-2007，28（5）.－26～30 |
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摘 要:为了进一步改善热泵系统性能和扩大其运行工况范围，将结构简单、无运动部件且能较好地适应两相流工况的喷射器引入准二级压缩热泵系统，构造出准二级压缩 - 喷射复合热泵系统。在冷凝温度为 45 ℃ 、蒸发温度在 -8 ℃ 到 -25 ℃ 变化的不同工况下，详细测量不同喷射系数和设计结构的喷射器对该复合热泵系统性能的影响，结果表明：喷射系数和设计结构较合理的喷射器，可以使复合热泵系统在较宽广的工况范围内具有较高的效率，且喷射系数 u=0.1 时热泵系统性能最好。图 9 参 9
关键词： 热工学；热泵；试验研究；喷射器
E-mail ： pangzz@emails.bjut.edu.cn |
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Effects of Ejector on Performances of Quasi Two-stage Compression Heat Pump System Coupled with Ejector
PANG Zong-zhan ☆ MA Guo-yuan
☆ Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China
Abstract A quasi two-stage compression heat pump system coupled with ejector was designed to improve the performance and widen the range of the operation conditions of heat pumps. An experiment for the prototype of the heat pump system coupled with ejector was conducted at a condensation temperature of 45 ℃ and evaporation temperatures from -8 ℃ to -25 ℃ . The effects of the ejectors on the performances of the heat pump were analyzed. The results show that the heat pump coupled with the ejector with optimized construction has higher coefficient of performance in a wide range of operation conditions and can achieve excellent performances while the ejecting coefficient is 0.1. 9 Ref. In Chinese.
Keywords Pyrology; Heat pump; Experimental; Ejector
E-mail ： pangzz@emails.bjut.edu.cn
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| 送风速度对室内气流分布影响的数值模拟 ［刊 ，中］ |
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栾茹 王佳
(北京建筑工程学院，北京 100044)
制冷学报 .-2007 ， 28 （ 5 ） . － 31 ～ 35
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摘 要:以某一典型的空调房间为研究目标，利用计算流体动力学（ CFD ），研究在低温送风条件下，室内气流组织的分布状况。通过建立合理的数学模型进行数值模拟，运用试验手段验证了模拟结果的可靠性，得到几种送风速度下的室内气流速度场与温度场的计算结果，经过分析，确定该空调室的送风速度范围为（ 0.2-3 ） m/s ，最佳值为 2m /s 。图 7 表 1 参 8
关键词: 动力机械工程； 空气调节；送风特性；气流组织；数值模拟
E-mail ： luanru@bucea.edu.cn |
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Numerical Simulation on Influence of Diffusion Performance on Airstream Distribution in a Room
LUAN Ru ☆ WANG Jia
☆ Beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
Abstract Airstream distribution in a typical room with cold air diffusion was investigated by the method of computational fluid dynamics(CFD). A mathematics model was established and the airstream distribution was stimulated. Then the simulation results were validated by the experimental results. The velocity and temperature fields of the airstream in the room at several supply air velocities were obtained. It is likely that the range of supply air velocity is (0.2–3)m/s and the optimum is 2m /s. 8Ref. In Chinese.
KeywordsPower machinery and engineering; Air conditioning; Diffusion performance; Airstream distribution; Numerical stimulation
E-mail ： luanru@bucea.edu.cn
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| 氨制冷装置用蒸发式冷凝器的实际能耗研究 ［刊，中］ |
张建一 秘文涛
（集美大学机械工程学院，厦门 361021）
制冷学报 .-2007， 28 （ 5） . －36～39 |
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摘 要: 理论上，蒸发式冷凝器的循环水量小于水冷式冷凝器的 10% ，因而采用蒸发式冷凝器更加节能。针对不同品牌的蒸发式冷凝器和水冷式冷凝器两种类型的典型产品，对能耗进行了理论计算、产品选型计算和现场测试比较分析。结果表明，蒸发式冷凝器单位排热量能耗的理论计算值、产品选型值和实际运行值差别不大。产品选型中，在相同的排热量下选用不同典型品牌的蒸发式冷凝器，能耗差异很大，如 B 品牌蒸发式冷凝器的平均能耗约为 A 品牌平均能耗的 2 倍。根据实际运行测试，三种典型品牌蒸发式冷凝器的平均能耗约为立式水冷式冷凝器系统的 32 ％，约为卧式水冷式的 47 ％。图 3 表 3 参 5
关键词：工程热物理；蒸发式冷凝器；水冷式冷凝器；能耗
电话： 0592-6183503
E-mail ： jyzhang@jmu.edu.cn |
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Study on Energy Consumption for Evaporative Condenser in Ammonia Refrigerating Plants
ZHANG Jian-yi ☆, MI Wen-tao
☆College of Mechanical Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
Abstract The energy consumptions for evaporative condensers with different brands and water-cooled condensers were analyzed by theoretical calculation, product selection calculation, and field tests. The results show that energy consumptions per kW heat rejection for evaporative condensers are nearly same for the calculations and field tests. The differences of the energy consumption are great among different brands of evaporative condensers at the same heat-rejection capacity. The energy consumption for the evaporative condenser of brand B is nearly twice that of brand A. Based on the field tests, the average energy consumption for the evaporative condensers with the three typical brands is approximately 32% that for the open water-cooled condensers and 47% that for the closed water-cooled condensers. 5Ref. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysics; Evaporative condenser; Water-cooled condenser; Energy consumption
TEL: 0592-6183503
E-mail ： jyzhang@jmu.edu.cn
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| 液-液循环流化床制取流体冰过程的颗粒形成与运动特性 ［刊，中］ |
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梁坤峰 高春艳 袁竹林
（河南科技大学，洛阳 471003 ）
制冷学报 .-2007 ， 28 （ 5 ） . － 40 ～ 48 |
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摘 要: 采用水与另一种非相溶载冷液体直接接触换热制取流体冰的液 - 液循环流化床是一种全新的动态制冰方法，在所建立的循环流化床试验台上针对制冰过程的关键问题——颗粒 ( 液滴、冰颗粒 ) 形成及其运动特性展开研究，研究过程中采用快速摄像与图像处理相结合的方法，获得颗粒形成及其沿程运动过程的图像以及循环流化床不同高度上颗粒的粒径信息。研究发现射流形状、射流长度及其波动的变化规律直接影响形成液滴的粒径大小与均匀性 ; 颗粒的沿程粒径分布具有向粒径增大方向倾斜与移动特征，并随射流液体流量的增大，颗粒的粒径分布范围与倾斜程度增大；颗粒在流化床内沿程运动过程中具有明显的颗粒聚团、聚并与分散现象，且颗粒的聚并现象不可避免，主要出现在流化床 0.50 m 高度以上 , 并随射流液体流量增大出现颗粒聚并现象的高度在增高。 图 10 表 1 参 12
关键词:热工学；动态制冰；液 - 液循环流化床；液 - 液雾化；粒径分布；运动特性
E-mail ： liangkunf@163.com |
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Drop Formation and Motion Characteristics During Fluid Ice Production in Liquid-liquid Circulating Fluidized Bed
LIANG Kun-feng ☆ GAO Chun-yan, YUAN Zhu-lin
☆ College of Vehicle and Power Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, China
Abstract Liquid-liquid circulating fluidized bed (LLCFB) is a novel method of dynamic ice-making. The key problems on droplets formation and droplets motion with the height of LLCFB were investigated in the established LLCFB experimental system with a high resolution digital camera and image processing. The images of drop formation and motion and information of drop sizes at different height were obtained. The results show that the shape of jet breakup, jet length, and its fluctuation influence the size and uniformity of drops. Moreover, the particles size distribution displays the sloping and shifting to the larger drop size with the height of LLCFB, and the range of particle sizes and the sloping extent increase with the increase of the jet flow rate. The convergence, coalescence and diffuseness of particles occur in the process of particles motion. In addition, the inevitable coalescence of particles mainly took place over an LLCFB height of 0.5m and this height increased with the increase of the jet flow rate. 12Ref. In Chinese.
KeywordsPyrology; Dynamic ice-making; Liquid-liquid circulating fluidized bed; Liquid-liquid atomization; Particles size distribution; Motion characteristics
E-mail ： liangkunf@163.com |
| 冻干鲜花品质影响因素的研究 ［刊，中］ |
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曾剑超 蒋其斌 张卫佳
（西华大学生物工程学院，四川成都 610039 ）
制冷学报 .-2007 ， 28 （ 5 ） . － 49 ～ 52
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摘 要:冷冻干燥法是一种相对较新的干花制作方法。为了探讨鲜花冻干技术中的主要影响因素，以金盏菊、康乃馨和玫瑰三种鲜花为素材，采用真空冷冻干燥技术分别进行了护色、预冻时间和升华干燥时间的单因素试验研究。研究结果表明，护色、预冻和升华干燥时间三种因素均对冻干花品质有显著影响。金盏菊经 8h 预冻， 11h 升华干燥，冻干后花瓣由单层变为双层，花型更饱满；康乃馨经 8h 预冻， 13h 升华干燥，冻干花品质最好；康乃馨和玫瑰经护色后形色较好且无鼓泡现象。利用冻干技术制作干花是可行的，且具有深入研究应用前景。表 8 参 8
关键词：园艺学；干燥花；冷冻干燥；单因素试验；影响因素
E-mail ： beyond_zjc@163.com |
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Study on Iinfluencing Factors of Product Quality of Freeze-drying Flowers
ZENG Jian-chao ☆ JIANG Qi-bin, ZHANG Wei-jia
☆ College of Bionology Engineering ， Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
Abstract An experiment study on vacuum freeze-drying for Calendula officials, Carnations and Rose was conducted to explore important factors influencing the flower product quality. The results show that the color-protection, pre-frozen time, and sublimation drying time have significant influences on quality of freeze-drying flowers. With eight pre-frozen hours and 11 drying hours, the petals of Calendula officials became double resulted, fat and pretty. Carnations had the best quality with eight pre-frozen hours and 13 drying hours. After color-protection, the diameters of Carnations and Rose varied slightly and no bubble occurred. 8Ref. In Chinese.
Keyword Horticulture; Dried flower; Freeze-drying; Single factor method; Influence factors
E-mail ： beyond_zjc@163.com |
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