| 热管技术在吸附式制冷系统中的应用 |
李廷贤 王如竹 夏再忠
(上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所 上海 200240)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－1～9 |
|
摘 要 主要介绍了热管技术在吸附式制冷系统中的国内外研究现状，分别对传统热管、热虹吸热管及分离式热管型吸附制冷系统的研究成果和典型样机做了阐述.为了减少双吸附器、双冷凝器、双蒸发器结构的硅胶-水吸附制冷机组的冷量损失，采用热虹吸热管技术实现了两蒸发器间工作状态的自动切换，该机组能够有效利用65～85℃范围内的低温热源，可提供6～10 kW的制冷量，系统COP为0.31～0.43；采用同样技术的小型紧凑式固体吸附制冷空调机在典型空调工况下其COP为0.34；基于分离式热管技术的渔船用复合吸附制冰机解决了高温尾气及海水对吸附床的腐蚀问题，吸附床的加热解吸、冷却吸附及回热过程均由无外加驱动力的多功能热管完成.热管技术的应用强化了吸附机组的传热性能，进而提高了机组的制冷能力及工作可靠性. 图9表3参40
关键词：热工学；吸附式制冷；热管；吸附剂；传热
E-mail：Litx@sjtu.edu.cn |
|
Application of heat Pipe technology in sorption refrigeration systems
LI Ting-xian, WANG R Z, XIA Z Z
Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai20030, China
Abstract The application of heat pipe technology in sorption refrigeration systems are presented in this paper, and some representative machines using conventional heat pipe, thermosyphon heat pipe and split heat pipe are also discussed. For example, in order to reduce the cooling loss of a silica gel–water adsorption chiller with two adsorbers, two condensers and two evaporators, the working modes of two evaporators are switched automatically by employing thermosyphon heat pipe, and the machine can be driven effectively by low-grade heat source of 65-85°C. The cooling power of 6-10 kW and the corresponding COP of 0.31-0.43 were achieved in the sorption prototype. A compact silica gel–water adsorption room air conditioner with two evaporators has a COP of 0.34 by utilizing the same heat pipe. To improve the working reliability of a compound sorption refrigeration machine for fish boat, the corrosion of adsorbers causing by waste gas and seawater can be solved by employing split heat pipe technology. For this machine, the heating, cooling and heat recovery processes between two adsorbers were performed by multifunction heat pipes without additional power consumption. The applications of heat pipe technology in these machines enhanced the heat transfer performance and thereby improved system cooling capacity and working reliability.40 Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Pyrology; Sorption refrigeration; Heat pipe; Adsorbent; Heat transfer
E-mail：Litx@sjtu.edu.cn |
| 论多联式空调(热泵)系统的季节性能评价方法 |
石文星 赵伟 王宝龙
(清华大学建筑技术科学系 北京 100084)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－10～15 |
|
摘 要 多联式空调(热泵)系统(简称多联机)是多末端直接蒸发式空调系统，其多末端结构和不同控制方法决定了其特殊的部分负荷特性.以制冷运行为例，阐述影响多联机性能的因素及其影响关系，给出各种控制方式下多联机在恒定室外温度条件下的部分负荷“性能域”概念图，以及性能域随室外温度的变化趋势；根据多联机的部分负荷特性和变工况特性，指出目前的多联机产品性能评价评价方法尚存在的不足，进而提出多联机制冷季节评价指标SEER或IPLV(C)的评价方案；建议今后多联机采用APF评价体系更能体现我国标准体系的延续性和系统性.图7参15（申明：由于编辑的疏忽，误将本文初稿中参考文献[11]收录，终稿中并无此项，特此申明，深表歉意！）
关键词：热工学；多联式空调(热泵)系统；负荷率；仿真；性能评价
电话：010-62796114 E-mail：wxshi@tsinghua.edu.cn |
|
Discussion on performance evaluation of multi-connected air-conditioning (heat pump) systems
SHI Wen-xing, ZHAO W, WANG B L
Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
Abstract The Multi-connected Air-conditioning (MCAC) system is a direct-expansion air-conditioning system, and its multi-terminal structure and different control methods determine the specific part load performance. The factors affecting the part load performance of the MCAC system were examined under cooling condition, and through simulation, the “performance domain” of the MCAC system using different control methods was presented to describe the COP distribution. The shortcomings of the conventional evaluation methods were analyzed based on the part load performance and variable condition characteristics of the MCAC system. In addition, the improved SEER and IPLV(C) evaluation methods for the MCAC system were proposed. Our results indicate that the APF evaluation method can be used in the MCAC system evaluation system.15Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Pyrology; Multi-connected Air-condition (heat pump) System (MCAC system); Load ratio; Simulation; Performance evaluation
TEL：010-62796114 E-mail：wxshi@tsinghua.edu.cn |
| 蓄冷空调新工质——气体水合物的替代选择概述 |
李刚 谢应明 刘道平
(上海理工大学制冷技术研究所 上海 200093)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－18～23 |
|
摘 要 蓄冷空调，可调节电力供需以实现能量高效合理利用.为保护臭氧层和有效抑制温室效应，基于环保和节能的考虑，蓄冷空调新工质-气体水合物的替代选择被提上日程.为寻找新型水合物蓄冷工质，列出了理想蓄冷工质的特点，根据该选择要求，将可供选择的工质分为烷烃类、HFC类、可溶水类和混合类等几类作了详细介绍，列出了部分较有前景的工质，并对其应用作了展望，指出了今后的研究重点.图1表5参32
关键词：热工学；气体水合物；蓄冷工质；烷烃；HFCs
电话：021-55270305 E-mail：gangli166@163.com |
|
New type gas hydrate cool-storage media
LI Gang, XIE Y M, LIU D P
Institute of Refrigeration Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai200093, China
Abstract More attention has been paid to the selection of new cool-storage media-gas hydrate in thermal storage air conditioning for environmental protection and energy saving. In this paper, the characteristics of ideal gas hydrate cool storage media are analyzed and the selection criteria are presented. The possible media are stated including alkane series, Hydro Fluorocarbons (abbre. HFCs), water-soluble materials and binary mixtures. Some of these media with application prospect are described. In addition, the suggestion for further researech is presented. 32 Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Pyrology; Gas hydrate; Cool storage media; Alkanes; HFCs
TEL：021-55270305 E-mail：gangli166@163.com |
| 一种独立式内燃机驱动的船用空调装置试验研究 |
王赞社 顾兆林 侯雄坡 冯诗愚
(西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院 西安 710049)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－24～28 |
|
摘 要 为了研究特种空调装置在中小船舶上的应用特性，研制了一种独立式内燃机驱动的空调装置.该装置采用小型内燃机驱动制冷系统；小型发电机为室内风机和水冷式冷凝器水泵提供交流电力，为柴油机电启动的蓄电池进行直流充电，并且为控制系统提供稳定的直流电力.根据各个部件的额定运行工况，对系统进行了可靠性综合测试.通过调节内燃机转速对系统进行了变工况试验，根据试验数据进行了结果分析，可以看出在保证系统可靠性的前提下调节内燃机转速和蒸发器风机转速可以实现船舱室内温度的精确调节，为我国内陆河流的中小船舶使用特种空调装置提供了一种新的选择.图8表2参7
关键词：热工学；船用空调；试验研究；内燃机驱动
电话：029-82664928 E-mail：wangzanshe@stu.xjtu.edu.cn |
|
Experimental study on marine air conditioning unit driven by combustion engine
WANG Zan-she, GU Z L, HONG X P et al
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710049, China
Abstract An independent air conditioning unit driven by a combustion engine was developed to investigate the cabin temperature adjusting characteristic with special air conditioners applied in small or medium-sized shipping. A small combustion engine drives its refrigeration system and a minitype generator provides AC for the indoor fan and the pump of the water-cooled condenser and supplies DC for the storage battery and the control unit. Moreover, general experiments were conducted to validate the reliability of the system based on the rated condition of all components. The variable operating mode test was performed with adjusting combustion engine rotational speed. The experiment results show that adjusting combustion engine rotational speed and evaporator fan rotational speed can regulate the cabin temperature accurately. 7Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Thermal Engineering; Marine air conditioning; Experiment research; Combustion engine
TEL：029-82664928 E-mail：wangzanshe@stu.xjtu.edu.cn |
| 储水式与即热式地源热泵热水器性能的实验研究 |
李舒宏 单奎 张小松
(东南大学能源与环境学院 南京 210096)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－29～34 |
|
摘 要 对目前各种形式的热水器作了经济性分析，分析结果表明土壤源热泵热水器是最节能的一种热水器，对一个全年需要3.382×109 kJ的热量来生产热水的宾馆来讲，每年仅需要1.507×105 元的运行费用.对正在进行试验研究的土壤源热泵热水器装置的基本原理和构成进行了介绍，并对其在热泵制热水的储水式和即热式两种工作模式的运行工况进行了实验研究.储水式热泵的储水箱容积为63.6 L，实验过程中热泵可以在14 分钟内将26.3℃的自来水加热到45℃，在28 分钟内加热到60℃.即热式的性能稍低于储水式，加热同样质量的热水到45℃需要16.3 分钟，到60℃需要29.4 分钟.图9表2参12
关键词：热工学；地源热泵；热水器；经济性分析；实验研究
电话：025-83792722 E-mail：equart@163.net |
|
Experiment study on performances of ground source heat pump storage and instantaneous water heater
LI Shu-hong, SHAN K, ZHANG X S
School of energy and environment, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
Abstract Economic analysis on different types of water heaters was performed. The results show that ground source heat pump water heaters are most energy saving. The operating fare of a ground source heat pump is only 1.507×105 RMB/year for a restaurant which needs 3.382×109 kJ for water heating. The principle and construction of the ground source heat pump water heater was described, and the experiment of the two types of water heaters was conducted. The volume of the heat pump storage water heater is 63.6 L, and the heat pump can raise the water temperature from 26.3℃ to 45℃ in 14 minutes, and to 60℃ in 28 minutes. The performance of the instantaneous water heater is lower slightly. To heat the same amount of water, it needs 16.3 minutes to 45℃, and 29.4 minutes to 60℃. 12Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Pyrology; Ground source heat pump; Water heater; Economy analysis; Experiment study
TEL：025-83792722 E-mail：equart@163.net |
| 气流旋转对氨鼓泡吸收特性的影响 |
程文龙 赵锐
(中国科学技术大学热科学和能源工程系 合肥 230027)
制冷学报 .-2008，29 （3）.－35～38 |
|
摘 要 提出了使氨气进入溶液时产生旋转来强化氨水鼓泡吸收的方法，并利用高速摄像机对其吸收动力学特性进行了可视化实验.结果显示，气流旋转使得最大气泡体积减小，而对气泡数和最大吸收高度没有显著影响.气泡旋转对氨水鼓泡吸收过程的吸收效果具有强化作用，强化效果随着流量的增大而减小，强化系数在1.1~1.25之间. 图9表2参9
关键词：工程热物理；强化吸收；氨水鼓泡；吸收式制冷机
电话：0551-3600305 E-mail：wlcheng@ustc.edu.cn |
|
Effects of gas vortex on performance of ammonia bubble absorption
CHENG Wen-long , ZHAO R
Dept. of Thermal Sci. and Energy Engineering, University of Sci. and Technology of China, Hefei230027, China
Abstract A method of enhancing ammonia bubble absorption by vapor vortex was proposed and the visualized experiment on the absorption dynamic characteristics was conducted with a high speed camera. The results show that the vapor vortex can reduce the maximum bubble volume and have slight influence on the bubble generative frequency and the bubble maximum height. These findings confirm that the vapor vortex enhances the heat and mass transfer significantly either during the life cycle of a single bubble or the overall process. The enhancement factor is 1.1~1.25. 9Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysics; Enhancement of absorption; Ammonia bubble absorption; Absorption chiller
TEL：0551-3600305 E-mail：wlcheng@ustc.edu.cn |
| 变频空调器除湿性能的试验研究 |
李玉春 童明伟
(顺德职业技术学院 佛山 528300)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－39～42 |
|
摘 要 通以风量为160～600 m3/h的样机,在试验进风温度21℃～29℃，RH=45 %~85 %的情况下进行了除湿试验，得出了变频空调器除湿模式下除湿量，与进风温度、相对湿度、频率的关系，整理出了除湿量的经验公式，为优化变频空调器的除湿运行与设计提供了初步的试验依据.图5参7
关键词：热工学；变频空调器；除湿；试验研究
电话：0757-22329941 E-mail：li_richie@163.com |
|
Experimental study on dehumidification performance of variable speed air conditioner
LI Yu-chun , TONG M W
Institute of Biothermal Sciences, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Abstract The dehumidification experiment of a variable speed air conditioner with air flow from 160 to 600 m3/h was conducted under the conditions of the inlet air temperature from 21 to 29℃ and RH from 45 % to 85 %. The influence of inlet air temperature, inlet air RH and running frequency on the dehumidification performance was analyzed. The empirical correlation for determining dehumidification amount was obtained. 7Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Pyrology; Inverter air conditioner; Dehumidification; Experimental study
TEL：0757-22329941 E-mail：li_richie@163.com |
| 竖管内溴化锂溶液降膜发生实验研究 |
石程名 宫世吉 徐灿君 杨颖
(重庆大学动力工程学院 重庆 400044)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－43～46 |
|
摘 要 针对气体类低品位热源驱动的溴化锂溶液吸收式制冷而提出采用竖管内降膜的发生器，其特点是溴化锂溶液薄液膜在竖管内由上而下流动，气体热源在管外部加热.通过实验得到降膜发生传热系数、放气范围、冷剂蒸汽产量与流量、热流密度的变化特性.实验结果表明：层流降膜时(Re<500)，传热系数随Re增大而减小，随热流密度增加而显著增大.回归分析得到层流降膜的传热系数关系式：h=14009.87qw 0.0764 Re-0.5391．图6表1参7
关键词：工程热物理；溴化锂溶液；竖管；降膜发生；实验研究
电话：023-65102472 E-mail：cmshi@tom.com |
|
Experiment research on lithium bromide solution falling film generation in vertical tube
SHI Cheng-ming, GONG S J, XU C J et al
College of power engineering, Chongqing University,Chongqing400044,China
Abstract A falling film style generator in the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system was proposed, in which the solution film flows down in vertical tubes and is heated by a low-class exhausted gas. The changes of heat transfer coefficient, deflation ratio and the steam mass flow rate in different solution volume flow and heat flux were obtained by the experiment. The experiment results show that the heat transfer coefficient decreases with the increase of Re number in film laminar flow (Re<500) and increases significantly with the increase of the heat flux. The heat transfer coefficient in film laminar flow was deduced by analysis and polynomial regression, i.e., h=14009.87qw 0.0764 Re-0.5391.7Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysics; Lithium bromide solution; Vertical tube; Falling film generation; Experimental research
TEL：023-65102472 E-mail：cmshi@tom.com |
| 冷藏车热性能及能耗分析模型的建立与实验研究 |
刘广海 谢如鹤
(广州大学物流与运输研究中心 广州 510006)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－47～53 |
|
摘 要 在分析热平衡法(HBM)和权重系数法(WFM)等热力系统仿真方法基础上，选择热平衡法为研究手段，建立了包括气象模型、围护结构热平衡模型、制冷系统性能模型和车内空气热平衡模型在内的冷藏车热状况及能耗分析模型.通过联立求解的方式，即可最终掌握冷藏车在实际运行中的热性能和能耗状况.随后，以B23型机械冷藏车(北京-广州)为例进行了模拟与分析，并将仿真结果与B10B型机械冷藏车实测数据(廉江-乌鲁木齐)进行对比.结果表明上述模型能较好的反映冷藏车热特性，可为冷藏车热状况的整体评价和优化控制提供依据. 图7参16
关键词：工程热物理；热平衡模型；冷藏车；温度场；模拟；实验
电话：020-31958785 E-mail：broadsea@126.com |
|
Heat condition and energy consumption model and experiment on refrigerator car
LIU Guang-hai , XIE R H
Research Center for Logistics & Transportation, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
Abstract The heat balance model (HBM) was selected to establish the simulation models of refrigerated car heat condition and energy consumption including the climate model, the enclosure heat transfer model, the model of the refrigerating system performance, and the heat balance model of the air in the vehicle. Then, the simulation and analysis were performed for a real B23 type refrigerated car running from Beijing to Guangzhou at a speed of 120 km/h, and the predictions were compared with the test data of a B10B type refrigerated car running from Lianjiang (Guangdong Province) to Wulumuqi (Xinjiang Province). The results obtained by the model showed good consistency with the experimental data. 16Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysics; Heat balance model; Refrigerator car; Temperature field; Simulation; Experiment
TEL：020-31958785 E-mail：broadsea@126.com |
| 表面亲水处理强化汽车空调蒸发器传热性能的机理 |
曹小林 张明星 欧阳琴
(中南大学能源科学与工程学院 长沙 410083)
制冷学报 .-2008，29（3）.－54～57 |
|
摘 要 对采用亲水膜和未采用亲水膜的汽车空调蒸发器的传热过程进行了分析，认为采用亲水膜从有效换热面积、换热系数和传热温差三个方面都影响蒸发器的传热性能.根据传热过程的分析，提出了有效换热面积系数的概念，并实验确定了有效换热面积系数.建立了蒸发器的稳态数学模型，计算了采用亲水膜和未采用亲水膜的汽车空调蒸发器的传热性能，并进行实验验证.结果表明：采用亲水膜之后，空气侧换热系数稍有下降，有效换热面积和传热温差增加，总的换热量比未采用亲水膜的蒸发器增加5%.图4参6
关键词：工程热物理；传热性能；亲水膜；汽车空调
E-mail：xlcao@mail.csu.edu.cn |
|
Mechanism of enhancing heat transfer performance of automobile air-conditioner evaporator plating with hydrophilic film
CAO Xiao-lin , ZHANG M X, OUYANG Q
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
Abstract The heat transfer process of automobile air-conditioner evaporators with/without hydrophilic film was analyzed. It is suggested that hydrophilic film can affect the heat transfer performance of automobile air-conditioner evaporators from three aspects, i.e., effective heat transfer area, heat transfer coefficient and temperature difference. Effective heat transfer area coefficient was proposed and measured experimentally. A mathematical model was established to simulate the heat transfer processes of both the evaporator plating with hydrophilic film and the one without hydrophilic film, and the model was verified by experiments. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient decreases but effective heat transfer area and temperature difference increase, and thus the total heat transferred increases by 5% for the evaporator plating with hydrophilic film. 6Refs. In Chinese.
Keywords Engineering thermophysics; Heat transfer performance; Hydrophilic film; Automotive air-conditioner
E-mail：xlcao@mail.csu.edu.cn |
{newsCommentContent} [{commentNickName},{commentTime}]
